Glossary P

Perseverance is the name of a NASA's Mars rover mission that was launched in July 2020 and landed on Mars in February 2021.

Deutsch: Personal / Español: Personal / Português: Pessoal / Français: Personnel / Italiano: Personale

Personnel in the space industry refers to the workforce involved in the planning, development, execution, and support of space-related projects and missions. This includes engineers, scientists, technicians, astronauts, administrators, and other specialists who contribute to the success of space exploration and operations.

In the space industry context, the term "Petrol" does not directly apply as it does in the automotive industry or everyday usage, where it refers to gasoline or liquid fuel for cars. Instead, the space industry focuses on various types of rocket fuels and propellants necessary for space missions. These include liquid, solid, and hybrid propellants, each with specific characteristics suited to different types of rockets and spacecraft.

Deutsch: Erdöl / Español: Petróleo / Português: Petróleo / Français: Pétrole / Italiano: Petrolio /

Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.

Deutsch: Phase / Español: Fase / Português: Fase / Français: Phase / Italiano: Fase

Phase in the space industry context refers to distinct segments or stages of a space mission or project, each defined by specific activities, objectives, and milestones. These phases ensure structured planning and execution, from initial concept to final operation and potential mission conclusion.

A phenomenon (Pural: phenomena) is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed.

Phobos is one of the two natural satellites of the planet Mars. It is the larger of the two and it orbits Mars at a distance of about 9,378 km (5,827 mi) from the planet's center, which is closer than any other known planetary moon in the solar system. Phobos is irregularly shaped and heavily cratered, with a diameter of about 27 x 22 x 18 km (17 x 14 x 11 mi).

English: Photonics / Deutsch: Photonik / Español: Fotónica / Português: Fotônica / Français: Photonique / Italiano: Fotonica /

In the realm of space exploration, cutting-edge technologies are the driving force behind our quest to unlock the mysteries of the universe. Photonics, the science and technology of generating, detecting, and manipulating photons (particles of light), plays a pivotal role in the space industry. It encompasses a wide array of applications and innovations that have revolutionized space exploration, from advanced communication systems to high-precision sensors. This article explores the multifaceted world of photonics in the space industry, delving into its examples, risks, application areas, historical significance, and legal considerations.

Deutsch: Photosynthese / Español: Fotosíntesis / Português: Fotossíntese / Français: Photosynthèse / Italian: Fotosintesi

Photosynthesis refers to the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, producing oxygen and organic compounds. In the space industry context, photosynthesis is essential for supporting life in space habitats and sustaining long-term missions.

A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.

Physics is the natural science that studies matter,[a] its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, with its main goal being to understand how the universe behaves. A scientist who specializes in the field of physics is called a physicist.

Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.

In the space industry context, "phytoplankton" may not directly relate to space missions or spacecraft technology, but it plays a significant role in Earth observation and climate studies conducted from space. Phytoplankton are microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in oceans and bodies of freshwater. They are crucial to the Earth's ecosystem, serving as the base of the aquatic food chain and playing a key role in the carbon cycle by absorbing carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.

Deutsch: Huckepack / Español: A caballito / Português: Carona / Français: En piggyback / Italian: Trasporto secondario

Piggyback refers to the practice of launching a secondary payload alongside a primary payload on a single rocket. This method allows smaller satellites or scientific instruments to hitch a ride to space, sharing the launch costs and resources.

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms.

In the aerospace context, pitch refers to the rotation of an aircraft or spacecraft around its lateral axis, which runs from the nose to the tail.

A Pitot tube is a measuring instrument used to measure fluid flow, and more specifically, used to determine airspeed on aircraft. The Pitot tube is named after its inventor, Henri Pitot, and was modified to its modern form by Henry Darcy.

Deutsch: Planck / Español: Planck / Português: Planck / Français: Planck / Italian: Planck

Planck refers to the Planck satellite, a space observatory operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) with the primary mission of studying the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Launched in 2009, it provided unprecedented insights into the early universe's composition, structure, and evolution.

A planet is a large, gaseous, rocky body in outer space that circles around the sun or another star.

English: Planing / Deutsch: Planung / Español: Planificación / Português: Planejamento / Français: Planification / Italiano: Pianificazione /

In aerospace, planing refers to the phenomenon in which an aircraft or other vehicle rises up and glides over the surface of water or other fluid, rather than submerging or penetrating through it.